As discussed in Chapter 5: Defendants, in 2019, 26% of individuals[footnote 113] prosecuted in England and Wales were female[footnote 114]. It should be noted that because children comprise less than 10% of all offenders prosecuted for an indictable offence (where sex and age of the defendant is known), trends should be interpreted with caution. , See the Families and Households 2019 dataset for further information on household types. The proportion of all young offenders in the matched cohort that achieved any pass in their GCSEs (or equivalents) was high; 80% for males and 83% for females. Among young males who were dealt with by a suspended sentence, 82% had a record of fixed period exclusion, compared to 59% of young females; a 24 percentage point difference. In 2019/20, 2.6% of all children were victims of violent crime. This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. The most disturbing though, 27% of fathers have no contact with their children. Further information on the methodology and cohort size can be found in the technical guide. Youth custody report for September 2016 published. Figure 5.09: The level of concordance between sentences proposed and outcomes for female and male offenders, by sentence type, 2019[footnote 56]. The proportion of female children remanded in custody (17%) was lower than male children (48%). Little is known, however, about child custody evaluators beliefs, background, knowledge about domestic violence, and other factors that may shape their recommendations1 regarding custody and parent-child visitation arrangements. Most of this decrease is accounted for by a reduction in the number of females prosecuted for theft offences (10,500 fewer in 2019 than in 2015), particularly theft from shops, for which there were 8,200 fewer prosecutions. The most recent annual reoffending data available is for the 2017/18 (i.e. The total prison population as at 30 June 2019[footnote 60] was 82,700. , Questions on the offence category Causing sexual activity without consent were removed from the CSEW 2019/20, therefore the total category of any sexual assault (including attempts) no longer includes this category. A higher proportion of males were proceeded against for indictable offences (22%) compared to females (10%). This is the latest biennial compendium of Statistics on Women and the Criminal Justice System and follows its sister publication Statistics on Race and the Criminal Justice System published last year. The increasing trend for both male and female defendants who were not remanded and bailed by police has stabilised with small changes in the latest year. ONS data from 2012 shows that of the UK's 400,000 single parent families, only 13.5% of these (54,000) are single dads. In 2019, offenders with 15 or more previous cautions or convictions comprised 25% of all offenders, 89% of offenders were male, compared to the 11% who were female. PDF Statistics on Women and the Criminal Justice System - GOV.UK The data described comes from various sources including the Home Office. Figure 6.01: Prison population, by sex, June 2015 to June 2019. In 2019, females accounted for the highest proportion of Local Authority prosecutions for the first time since 2016. This was significantly higher than the 3.4% of female adult victims in the same year (no significant change from 3.7% the previous year). , Statistics on case management come from Criminal Court Statistics. Among both adult female and male offenders, the reoffending rate was highest for those aged 35 to 39 at 30.4% and 34.4%, respectively. These offences accounted for a larger proportion of female arrests, whereas drug offences and sexual offences accounted for larger proportions of male arrests. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. Police station advice alone accounts for 71% of the workload for both sexes in 2019, increasing from around 60% since 2012. Press enquiries should be directed to the Ministry of Justice press office: Other enquiries about these statistics should be directed to the Justice Statistics Analytical Services division of the Ministry of Justice: Damon Wingfield, Responsible Statistician and Head of Criminal Justice System Statistics Offenders with 1 to 14 previous cautions or convictions accounted for 51% of all offenders in 2019, 86% were male, compared to 14% who were female. 19.30This breakdown has remained relatively constant over the last 5 years. Although we explore differences between sexes, it is important that inferences are not made about individuals from group-level data since we consider averaged outcomes that do not take into consideration the unique sub-set of circumstances in each case. Youth custody report for November 2014 published. This proportion has remained stable over the last 5 years (June 2015 June 2019) despite the overall fall of 18% in the under 18 custody population. , Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Main national tables: Table 3a: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils at the end of key stage 4 by type of school and gender. Offenders under supervision or in custody, Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Women and the Criminal Justice System 2019, nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3, Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW): year ending March 2020, Homicide in England and Wales: year ending March 2019, Domestic abuse in England and Wales: year ending March 2019, Nature of Violent Crime in England and Wales: year ending March 2019, CPS Quarterly Data Summaries Quarter 4 2019/20, Police Powers and Procedures, England and Wales, year ending 31 March 2020, Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019, Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2019, Probation (Community Orders and Suspended Sentence Orders), Discipline in Prison Establishments (Adjudications), Her Majestys Prison and Probation Service, https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/code-of-practice/, Crime in England and Wales Annual Trend and Demographic Tables, Nature of Violent Crime, England and Wales: year ending 2019 (appendix tables), Criminal Court Statistics (annual): January to March 2020, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/criminal-court-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020/criminal-court-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020, Criminal Court Statistics (quarterly): January to March 2020, Offender management statistics quarterly: January to March 2019, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/930457/Guide-to-proven-reoffending_Oct20.pdf, Source: GCSE and equivalent results: 2013 to 2014 (revised) National tables: Table 3a: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils at the end of key stage 4 by type of school and gender, Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Main national tables: Table 3a: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils at the end of key stage 4 by type of school and gender, Source: GCSE and equivalent attainment by pupil characteristics: 2014 - National and local authority tables: Table 1, Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Characteristics national tables: Table CH1: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils and the end of key stage 4 by pupil characteristics. Offenders with 1 to 14 previous cautions or convictions. Detail how users will be informed of the need for revisions. This chapter reports on the trends in the composition of staff and practitioners throughout the criminal justice system (CJS) by sex. In the latest year, a higher proportion of females were issued PNDs for theft (retail under 100) compared to males, whereas males were more often issued PNDs for possession of cannabis compared to females (see Figure 4.04). In this section, all analysis looks at those in the matched offender cohort who were eligible for Free School Meals (FSM) and/or had Special Education Needs (SEN), at any point during KS4. , A release is defined as a release from prison where the prisoner has finished serving the custodial term of their sentence and excludes unsentenced prisoners on remand. Figure 8.02 Change in female prosecutions for indictable offences, by offence group England and Wales, 2015 to 2019, Figure 8.02: Summary offences with the highest proportion of female convictions, England and Wales, 2019. In 2019, the same proportion (98%) of PNDs issued were for higher tier offences for both males and females. , Equivalently, a Key Stage 4 (KS4) academic year of 2013/14 and 2014/15. It has not been possible to accurately replicate the existing methodology and produce robust estimates in time for this release following changes to the way that data are recorded. Figure 7.11: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 with a record of persistent absence, by gender and disposal category (Source: Table 7.4). [A pupil may be excluded for one or more fixed periods up to a maximum of 45 school days in a single academic year. , Caution should be taken when comparing figures for senior staff, however, because the numbers of individuals represented are small - changing a single case could have a noticeable effect. Of the sentenced prison population, sentences can be divided into two broad groups: determinate sentences which are for a fixed period, and indeterminate sentences (these include life sentences and indeterminate sentences for public protection IPPs). Crime higher concerns legal representation in the Crown Court and above. Sex can be considered to refer to whether someone is male or female based on their physiology, with gender representing a social construct or sense of self that takes a wider range of forms. separation. We are trialling the publication of this statistical bulletin in HTML format alongside the usual PDF version and we are seeking user feedback on the use of HTML for the publication of statistical bulletins. The proportion of young females who had been permanently excluded and sentenced to a fine was 9%, compared to 15% for young males, a 6 percentage point difference. Young females who were sentenced to custody for more than 12 months had a 73% proportion with SEN without a statement compared to 65% for young males. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. For example, prisons are either male or female institutions, with prisoners normally placed based on their legally recognised gender. , Information about sex was provided for all individuals in this chapter; there are no unknown or not stated cases for any of the CJS organisations discussed. For both sexes, the 30 to 39 age range represented the highest number of those prosecuted in 2019. The overall cautioning rate has been gradually decreasing over the last 5 years, from 18% in 2015 to 11% in 2019, and has been consistently lower for females than males, at 7% for females and 11% for males in 2019. Just over a quarter (26%) of all prosecutions were for female defendants in 2019, which has remained stable over the last 5 years. Youth custody statistics for September 2013 published. Topics include: Prison Population, Youth Custody, Unsentenced prison remand population, Sentences served in prison (type and length) Receptions and Releases, Her Majestys Inspectorate for Prisons (HMIP) survey[footnote 59], Self-harm in custody, Probation (Community Orders and Suspended Sentence Orders). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of sexual assault in the last year among men aged 16-74 for 2019/20 (0.7%) compared to 2018/19. Figure 4.05: Number of cautions issued, by sex, 2015 to 2019. (Office of National Statistics) In 2007, 27.6% of children lived with their mother in the UK, while just 2.4% lived only with their father. The proportion of males issued a caution for indictable offences was 56%, compared to 52% for female offenders. This is driven in part by a higher proportion of female offenders getting sentenced for offences that tend to receive shorter sentences. Consequently, there is a lower proportion of effective trials for females (43%) compared to males (50%). Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This reflects the difference in relationship to suspect in cases for men and women with women much more likely to be killed by an acquaintance. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. 62.9% of custodial fathers are non-Hispanic white men. It is important to note that the number of female children receiving custodial sentences was lower than males (approximately 50 females compared to 1,100 males). , Where sex is known. , The overall increase in ACSL may be connected to changes in sentencing guidelines see accompanying technical guide for further details. , Proven reoffending statistics are reported based on cohorts of offenders who are released from custody, received a non-custodial conviction at court, or received a caution within a three-month period. They are awarded National Statistics status following an assessment by the Authoritys regulatory arm. All organisations within the CJS have increased female representation among senior staff over the last 5 years. A BBC report suggested that in 2011 men accounted for just 8% of the UK's single parents. In 2018/19, a total of 85,900[footnote 28] adults engaged with liaison and diversion services, of which just over a fifth (21%) were females which is a higher proportion than those arrested (please see arrests section of this chapter). Of all female defendants prosecuted at court, 55% were prosecuted for summary non-motoring offences compared to 29% of male defendants in the latest year. , Department of Work and Pensions benefits statistics. , Where ethnicity was known. Cautions issued[footnote 33][footnote 34] Figure 7.07: Proportion of males and female offenders by offending history, England and Wales, 2015 and 2019. Comparisons with previous years are not possible due to changes in the order of questions asked influencing overall trends. Police station advice and magistrates court representation constitute the majority of the total crime lower work load (97%). Youth custody report for February 2016 published. Figure 8.05: Custody rate by sex for indictable offences with the highest number of female offenders sentenced, England and Wales, 2019. Youth custody report for September 2015 published. June 28, 2018. For more information and statistics on criminal court timeliness please refer to the Criminal Court Statistics (quarterly): January to March 2020 bulletin. like child support and child custody, contested. Why Do Women Get Child Custody In 90 Percent Of All Cases? Isn'T It In 2019/20, sexual assault towards females within the last year were over 4 times higher than towards males. Fines accounted for 34% of females sentenced in 2019 and 33% received a community sentence, compared with 44% and 30% for males. Females also consistently had a higher guilty plea rate for indictable offences. In 2019, 74% of individuals dealt with by the Criminal Justice System were male, and 26% were female. Every effort is made to ensure that the figures presented are accurate and complete. For both sexes, the 30 to 39 age range represented the highest number of those prosecuted in 2019. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. In the 2019/20 HM Inspectorate of Prisons survey, females reported significantly more negative results for questions related to problems on arrival at prison. , This section excludes those where sex is not stated and other defendants such as companies and public bodies in total these accounted for 10% of all defendants in 2019. National Statistics status can be removed at any point when the highest standards are not maintained and reinstated when standards are restored. This is reflected in the higher proportion of females remanded in custody who were sentenced to immediate custody at magistrates court, 17% in 2019 compared to 13% for males.
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